The medical market is becoming more and more impacted by influences of emerging market mega trends including expanding global markets, where products must be made to meet the economic and supply needs of the local area; aging populations, which drive the need for increasing availability of high-quality and affordable medical devices; and the trend toward reusing products, where possible, addressing the growing issue of waste and limitations on recycling.

PROBLEM

In some cases, where reusing medical products increases the risk of spreading disease, it is still desirable to have low-cost, reliable, but disposable devices that can be used on one patient and then disposed. However, because of the trend for hospitals and clinicians to factor in cost and waste concerns, it is becoming more critical to minimize the disposable portion to as small a piece of the medical device system as possible, with the remainder of the system being reusable as much as it is feasible.

A perfect example are the disposable catheters used in electrophysiology. This is a minimally invasive procedure that maps and treats arrhythmias by feeding the catheter through a small incision (typically in the groin area) into a blood vessel to the heart, allowing quicker patient recovery, with fewer complications, than traditional open-heart methods. The catheters themselves are often single-use devices that are not reused between patients.

A leading medical device manufacturer was recently looking for an alternative to standard high-cost autoclave compatible connector offerings for a new range of electrophysiology catheters it was developing. Key connector requirements were small size, ease of use, ruggedness, and resistance to autoclave sterilization, in a package accommodating multiple contacts and ensuring signal reliability from the external system through the extension cable, to the tip of the catheter, and back.

REQUIREMENTS

There are many connector options for autoclavable connectors, but this device maker required additional features, such as low mating forces and low contact resistance, in a package that would be easy and intuitive for medical personnel to use while focusing their attention on the procedure and patient care. Multiple paths were explored, including development of a custom connector, but the existing Smiths Interconnect circular plastic D Series met many of the of the requirements within the current package (easy to use, rugged, and reliable, in a form factor, which easily integrates into the application). However, the current solution would not survive autoclaving.

A review was conducted to evaluate all features and the required application specifications. The existing solution utilized hyperboloid contacts, providing compliance with device electrical requirements (high cycle life for the system side receptacle/low contact resistance) and the durability and reliability to survive the harsh chemicals and temperatures associated with the required sterilization processes. The system-side panel mount receptacle contained the hyperboloid contacts while the cost-effective plug used male pins to ensure longer device life and an affordable cable solution. The existing high-strength polymer, used for the plug and receptacle and widely accepted within the medical industry for decades, was evaluated against alternative materials for ease of use, availability, chemical resistance, and mechanical robustness, as well as the ability to maintain the same features and aesthetics of the original materials.

SOLUTION

Ultimately, polyetherimide was chosen as the replacement material for all plastic components. Connectors utilizing the new material were then built and subjected to autoclave, electrical, and mechanical testing to ensure survivability and consistent electrical properties before and after testing. The tests included 20 prevacuum autoclave cycles at 135 °C for four minutes each, then the connectors were mated and unmated 200 times to ensure that no substantial changes in performance had occurred. Finally, the dielectric withstanding voltage was measured on each tested connector pair, confirming that the insulators continued to meet the design specification. At the end of the testing, the new connectors functioned without any noticeable impact to mechanical or electrical performance.

By performing a material analysis and selecting the correct polymer, the features of the existing D series connectors; high mating cycle life on the system side that increases the MTBF (mean time between failures), a simple, user-friendly, push-button latching system that ensures that the connectors stay dependably mated during the procedure, and low mating and demating forces were maintained. Additionally, new benefits emerged, including high-temperature resistance, improved mechanical properties, lower water absorption, and improved chemical resistance to harsh environments and sterilization protocols (including steam autoclaving), all critical to address emerging trends in today’s medical market and needed for the customer’s application.

This solution was also economical, since new materials could be applied across the D series platform (which is available in three standard sizes) without impacting contact density, the ability to intermate with existing D series designs, or the integration of existing contact technologies, including crimp and poke contacts for automation and reduced assembly time. This allowed for a mix of disposable and reusable solutions in the same family, which afforded the customer flexibility to integrate reusable receptacles with disposable and reusable plugs for the same system, or any other combination, depending on their applications.

For many years, D Series connectors have a proven heritage in medical devices and applications used globally; from disposable catheters to the mating cables, to bedside patient monitors, patient-worn therapeutic devices, and rugged automatic external defibrillators, which are critical to first responders. They have now been updated to meet the market requirements for reusability and sterilization in both manufacturing and hospital settings by implementing a new material without affecting existing key features critical to previous applications of the product or reducing their cost effectiveness.

From:Medical Design Briefs